Official travel guide & brochure for Sardinia (Sardegna in Italian) the second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after Sicily. And much like Sicily, it is a region of Italy, but really a world unto itself. Covering 9,300 mountainous square miles (with over 1,100 miles of coastline) and containing 1.6 million permanent residents (and many more pass through, especially in the high tourist season from June-September), Sardinia lies just seven miles south of the French island of Corsica, and shares close cultural and linguistic ties to its northern neighbor. The island was home to a Bronze Age civilization, the Nuragic, from 2300 BC up until Roman conquest around 200 BC, named for the nuraghe, a distinctive stone tower-fortress they built, more than 7,000 still dot the landscape. (From the Office for Tourism, Handicrafts and Commerce of the Autonomous Region of Sardinia, 2007).